The Impact of Extreme Heat on Mental Health

Summer has arrived, bringing longer days, abundant sunshine – and high temperatures. Meteorologists are predicting a hotter-than-average season across much of the U.S. As temperatures climb, it’s important to be mindful of both the physical and mental health risks and to take steps to protect yourself. 

Many people are aware of the physical dangers associated with high temperatures, such as heat stroke and exhaustion. However, fewer realize the impact that extreme heat can have on mental health and well-being. 

Prolonged exposure to heat has been linked to increased stress, mood swings, irritability, and cognitive difficulties. Excessive heat can disrupt typical brain activity – impacting mental health and behavior. While everyone is impacted by excessive heat, certain groups are more vulnerable – especially young children, older adults, and individuals with chronic health conditions. High temperatures can worsen mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. 

In fact, a study of emergency department visits in the U.S found an 8% increase in mental health visits on the hottest days compared to days with cooler temperature. Some researchers even suggest that heat-induced stress and cognitive disruption contributes to the uptick in crime typically seen in summer months. 

Protecting Your Mental and Physical Health

It’s crucial to take preventive measures during extreme heat events – not just for your physical health, but for your mental health as well. 

CDC Recommended Steps for Staying Safe in Extreme Heat:

  • Stay in an air-conditioned indoor location as much as you can. 
  • Drink plenty of fluids even if you don’t feel thirsty.
  • Schedule outdoor activities carefully – avoiding the hottest times of the day
    • Wear loose, lightweight, light-colored clothing and sunscreen
    • Pace yourself
  • Take cool showers or baths to cool down
  • Check on a friend or neighbor and have someone do the same for you
  • Never leave children or pets in cars
  • Check the local news for health and safety updates 

With a hotter summer head, being proactive about heat safety is essential. By staying cool, hydrated, and connected, you can help protect both your mental and physical well-being – and support others in doing the same.